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on Pharmacological Treatment
1) Psychoeducation
It involves educating children with ADHD and their families or people close to them about the disorder. It is designed to inform patients and families about ADHD and treatment that is available. It provides general advice to help improve the child's academic and behavioral functioning as well as to help facilitate understanding and handling the condition.
2) parent-led behavioural therapy
This intervention involves teaching parents behavioural strategies in the management of their children. this is to address parent-child interaction, bring about positive behavioural change and reduce problematic behaviour. It has been shown that it reduces stress among parents and helps parents to cope better as well as improves compliance to medication and alleviate severity of ADHD symptoms.
3) school-based intervention
School-based intervention for the treatment of children with ADHD may reduce hyperactivity and improve academic outcomes, organisational and social skills. This requires active involvement of teachers. Children with ADHD struggle with demands in the classroom such as following rules, interacting with peers, engaging with teacher activities and self-organisation. Children with ADHD should be placed in a mainstream classroom with provision of teacher that has been appropriately trained. This interventions combine behaviour modification and cognitive behavioural modification techniques.
4) occupational therapy
Occupational therapy aims to help children with ADHD master everyday skills, be engaged at school and at home by improve attention, controlling impulsivity and hyperactivity. There is no strong evidence that this intervention works, but it has been noted to be beneficial in the management of ADHD.
5) diet intervention
Dietary modifications should not be routinely recommended. Parents are encouraged to monitor the effects of specific food on their child’s behaviour and inform their doctor. If parents suspect a specific food causes increased symptoms of hyperactivity, it should be avoided from the diet.
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